森林空气负离子浓度与环境温湿度指数的关系研究

摘要

为研究森林空气负离子浓度及其自然环境影响因素,以黑龙江省森林植物园为研究对象,利用GIS与统计分析等手段,借助一种新的综合指标环境温湿度指数(THI),分析植物园研究区域内,空气负离子浓度分布以及其与环境温湿度指数之间的关系,并分析环境温湿度指数对不同植物结构的环境空气负离子浓度的不同影响.结果表明:①黑龙江省森林植物园内,植物结构越复杂的环境下空气负离子浓度越高,空气负离子浓度从高到低依次为:灌乔草﹥灌乔﹥乔草﹥灌草﹥乔﹥灌﹥草.②植物园内空气负离子浓度随环境温湿度指数升高而先增大后减小,当环境温湿度指数约800时,空气负离子浓度最高.③环境温湿度指数对不同植物结构环境下空气负离子浓度影响程度不同,植物结构越复杂,环境温湿度对空气负离子浓度的影响程度越大.该研究可以为进一步分析森林空气负离子浓度的影响因素提供参考,将自然条件中的温度和湿度复合到一种新的指标即环境温湿度指数中,为构建森林空气负离子浓度影响指标体系提供了一种新的方法和思路.%In order to study the influencing factors of forest air negative ion concentration and its natural environment , Hei-longjiang forest botanical garden was used as the research object .Using GIS and statistical analysis method , with the help of a new comprehensive index: temperature and humidity index ( THI) , the relationship between negative air ion concentration and THI was an-alyzed in the botanical garden .The effects of environmental temperature and humidity index on the negative air ion concentration in different plant structure were also analyzed .The results showed that: (1) in Heilongjiang forest botanical garden , negative air concen-tration is proportional to the complexity of plant structure , the concentrations of negative air ion from high to low botanical constitution :shrub-tree-herb community>shrub-tree community >tree-herb community >shrub-herb community >tree community >shrub community>herb community.(2)The concentration of negative air ions increased first and then decreased with the increase of the en -vironmental THI.When the THI is about 800, forest negative air ion concentration reached the highest .(3)The effect of THI on the negative air ion concentration in different plant structure environment is different , the more complex the plant structure , the greater the effect.The study can provide a reference for further analysis of the influencing factors of forest air negative ion concentration , and the temperature and humidity in natural conditions are combined into a new index , environmental temperature and humidity index ( THI) , which could provide a new method and idea for the construction of the index system of negative air ion concentration .