提取技术对粗毛纤孔菌三萜类化合物制备及体外降血脂作用的影响

摘要

This study aimed to examine the effect of different extraction techniques on the extraction and hypolipidemic activity in vitro of triterpenoids from Inonotus hispidus (IHT). Five extraction techniques i.e., high shear emulsifier-assisted extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, aqueous two-phase extraction, semi-bionic extraction and solvent reflux extraction were evaluated for their influences on the extraction efficiency and cholate binding capacity of IHT. The structure of IHT was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the extraction efficiency and hypolipidemic activity of IHT were significantly different (P < 0.05) among five extracts; high shear emulsifier-assisted extraction gave the highest extraction efficiency of (3.33 ± 0.02)%, which was 2.64 times as high as that ((1.26 ± 0.05)%) of solvent reflux extraction. The cholate binding capacity of IHT extracted by high shear emulsifier-assisted extraction was the most significant (P < 0.05), and its lipid-lowering activity was dose dependent. At a concentration of 40 mg/mL, the binding capacities for sodium glycocholate, sodium cholate and sodium taurocholate were (1.01 ± 0.03), (0.47 ± 0.04), and (1.31 ± 0.09) μmol/100 mg, respectively, which were 36.53%, 27.92% and 46.33% as compared to those of simvastatin, respectively. Infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the IHT exhibited the characteristic structure of triterpenoids and the strongest characteristic absorption peak. These findings will provide a theoretical basis for the selection of optimal extraction technique for IHT and the development and utilization of hypolipidemic drugs.%为研究不同提取技术对粗毛纤孔菌三萜类化合物(triterpenoids from Inonotus hispidus ,IHT)制备及体外降血脂作用的影响,选用粗毛纤孔菌菌丝体为原料,研究了高剪切技术、超声波技术、双水相技术、半仿生技术及溶剂回流技术对IHT提取率和对胆酸盐结合能力的影响,并采用红外光谱技术对IHT的结构进行初步分析.实验结果表明:5 种提取技术对IHT提取效果及降血脂功能影响均存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),其中高剪切技术的IHT提取率最高,为(3.33±0.02)%,是溶剂回流技术((1.26±0.05)%)的2.64 倍.高剪切技术提取的IHT对胆酸盐的结合能力最显著(P＜0.05),其降血脂活性与质量浓度呈剂量效应关系,且质量浓度在40 mg/mL时,与甘氨胆酸钠的结合能力为(1.01±0.03)μmol/100 mg,与胆酸钠的结合能力为(0.47±0.04)μmol/100 mg,与牛磺胆酸钠的结合能力为(1.31±0.09)μmol/100 mg,相对辛伐他汀的吸附率分别为36.53%、27.92%、46.33%.红外光谱分析显示,高剪切技术提取的IHT符合三萜类物质的特征结构,且特征吸收峰最强.本研究结果为IHT提取技术的选择及降血脂药物的开发利用提供理论依据.