膳食因素对北京市某村中老年人高血压发病的影响

摘要

[Objective] To investigate the effect of dietary pattern on hypertension in middle aged and elderly people in a village of Beijing city.[Method] Totally 84 middle aged and elderly villagers were selected randomly in village in May 2014.The villagers' blood pressure,parameters of anthropometry and biochemical indexes were measured and their life style and dietary intake were investigated,then the data were analyzed.[Result] The prevalence of hypertension was 82.1％.Body fat,arm muscle circumference,the percentage of nutrients,triglyceride and HOMA-IR had significant difference between hypertension group and non hypertension group.The percentage of carbohydrate intake was positively correlated with body fat,TG and HOMA-IR,and was negatively correlated with ann muscle circumference.The percentage of protein and low fat intake were negatively correlated with body fat,TG and HOMA-IR,and positively correlated with arm muscle circumference.HOMA-IR was positively correlated with body fat and TG,and negatively correlated with arm muscle circumference.[Conclusion] The dietary pattern of high carbohydrate,low protein and low fat intake can increase body fat and TG,then cause insulin resistance,at last cause hypertension.%目的:探讨北京市某村中老年人膳食因素对高血压发病的影响.方法:选取北京市某村村民84例作为研究对象,测量血压、人体指标及生化指标,调查膳食情况,并对数据进行统计分析.结果:高血压患病率高达82.1％.高血压组和血压正常组体脂含量、上臂肌围、营养素摄入比例、甘油三酯有显著性差异;碳水化合物摄入比例与体脂含量、甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗指数呈正相关,与上臂肌围呈负相关;蛋白质和脂肪摄入比例与体脂含量、甘油三酯、胰岛素抵抗指数呈负相关,与上臂肌围呈正相关;胰岛素抵抗指数与体脂含量、甘油三酯呈正相关,与上臂肌围呈负相关.高碳水化合物、低蛋白质、脂肪摄入比例通过影响体脂含量、上臂肌围及甘油三酯水平,引起胰岛素抵抗水平改变.结论:高碳水化合物、低蛋白质和脂肪摄入比例的饮食模式可能通过影响体脂含量和血浆甘油三酯水平,引起机体胰岛素抵抗,从而导致血压升高.