高碳水化合物摄入比例对北京市房山区张坊村中老年人高血压患病率的影响

摘要

目的 探讨碳水化合物摄入比例与北京市房山区张坊村中老年人高血压患病率的关系.方法 随机抽取北京市房山区张坊村中老年村民150例,测量血压和人体指标,并对村民膳食摄入量进行调查,按纳入和排除标准入选132例作为研究对象.根据碳水化合物的摄入比例将村民分成两组:高碳水化合物摄入比例组(碳水化合物摄入比例占总能量比例大于或等于60%组),以下称高碳水化合物组(high carbohydrate group,HC组),和非高碳水化合物摄入比例组(碳水化合物摄入比例占总能量比例小于60%组),以下称非高碳水化合物组(none high carbohydrate group,NHC组),并对两组人群的有关指标进行统计分析.结果 该村中老年高血压患病率较高,达59.1%.HC组高血压患病率明显高于NHC组,以收缩压升高为显著;两组村民年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒情况差异无统计学意义;两组村民人体测量指标差异无统计学意义;两组村民总能量、碳水化合物、钙、钠及钾等摄入量差异无统计学意义,但NHC组村民鱼肉类、干果类和油脂类摄入量显著高于HC组,按营养素换算后NHC组村民蛋白质和脂肪摄入量亦显著高于HC组.结论 碳水化合物摄入占总能量比例大于或等于60%时,高血压患病率明显增加,以收缩压升高为显著.这与蛋白质和脂肪的摄入量的减少有关,与年龄、吸烟、饮酒、人体测量指标及总能量、碳水化合物、钙、钠及钾等摄入量无关.%Objective To invesligale the relationship belween the proportion of carbohydrale inlake and the morbidily of hypertension in middle aged and elderly people in Zhang Fang village, Fang Shan Dislricl, Beijing. Methods Tolally 150 middle aged and elderly villagers were selecled randomly in Zhang Fang Village,Fang Shan Dislricl, Beijing. The btood pressure and paramelers of anlhropomelry were measured and the diel inlake was investigated. According to the criterion we selecled 132 villagers as the objecls of our sludy. According to the proportion of carbohydrale inlake, we separated the villagers into two groups, high proportion of carbohydrale intake group ( the proportion of carbohydrale intake was more lhan 60% ,high carbohydrate group,HC group) ,and none high proportion of carbohydrate inlake group ( the proportion of carbohydrate inlake was less than 60% , none high carbohydrale group, NHC group). Results The morbidity of hypertension in this village in aged and elderly people was 59. 1%. The morbidily of hypertension in HC group was higher lhan in NHC group significantly,especially the systolic btood pressure. There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking, drinking, paramelers of anlhropomelry, the inlake of energy, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium and potassium belween two groups. Bui the inlake of fish, meat, nut and oil was significantly higher lhan those in HC group. And the intake of prolein and fat was significantly higher than those in NHC group by conversion of nutrienl. Conclusion When the proportion of carbohydrate inlake was more than 60% , the morbidity of hypertension increased significantly, especially the systolic btood pressure. This phenomenon is relaled to the tower proportions of prolein and fat,and has nolhing to do with age, smoking, drinking, parameters of anlhropomelry and the intake of energy, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium and polassium.