龙须菜挥发油的提取及抗菌抗虫活性研究

摘要

分别采用直接水蒸气蒸馏法和溶剂提取-水蒸气蒸馏法提取龙须菜(Gracilaria lemaneiformis)挥发油,并进行气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析和抗菌抗虫活性研究.结果显示:相比于直接水蒸气蒸馏法,溶剂提取-水蒸气蒸馏法提取的龙须菜挥发油中气味阈值较低的醛类成分相对含量低至0.20%,而营养保健价值高的羧酸及酯类含量达到21.54%.龙须菜挥发油对大肠杆菌 O157 (Escherichia coli O157)、金黄色 葡 萄 球 菌 (Staphylococcus aureus)、沙 门 氏 菌(Salmonella enterica)、单增李斯特菌(Listeria monocyto-genes)和副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahemolyticus)5种常见致病菌均有一定的抗菌活性;溶剂提取-水蒸气蒸馏法和直接水蒸气蒸馏法提取的龙须菜挥发油对卤虫的半数致死量(LD 50)分别为0.126,0.162 mg/mL.%The volatile oil of Gracilaria lemaneiformis was extracted by direct steam distillation and solvent extraction-steam distillation, meanwhile gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)and antibacterial & insecticidal activity were conducted.The GC-MS showed that compared with direct steam distillation extraction,in solvent extraction-steam distillation extraction the relative content of aldehyde compounds which has lower odor threshold is 0.20%, meanwhile the relative content of carboxylic acid and ester is 21.54%in solvent extraction-steam and distillation extraction.The antibacte-rial activity of volatile oil on 5 kinds of pathogens (Escherichia coli O157,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella enterica,Listeria mono-cytogenes,Vibrio parahemolyticus)is moderate,and the median le-thal dose LD 50of volatile oil compounds in G.Lemaneiformis with solvent extraction-steam distillation and direct steam distillation broth were 0.126 and 0.162 mg/mL respectively.