碳、氮和磷对松乳菇生长及矿质营养的影响

摘要

In order to find an optimal medium to have more biomass and more mineral nutrition of Lactarius deliciosus in vitro,L9 (34) orthogonal experiments were arrayed on carbon sources,nitrogen sources and phosphorus concentrations.Results showed that nine media were significantly different on biomass and mineral nutrition content in L.deliciosus.Among the three factors,carbon sources have the most significant effect on the growth,the contents of K and Ca;nitrogen sources have the most significant effect on the contents of Fe and Mn;phosphorus concentrations have the most significant effect on the contents of P,Mg and Zn.Soluble starch was the best of carbon sources.Compared with glucose,soluble starch increased the biomass,the contents of P,K,Zn by 32.20％,16.94％,182.81％,and 59.09％,respectively.Among nitrogen sources,ammonium tartrate was the best on the growth,urea was the best on increasing the contents of P and K,and glutamic acid was the best on abosrbing Mg,Fe,Mn.Among phosphorus concentrations,0.5 g/L KH2PO4 was the best on the growth,P,K,Mg and Zn contents.The optimized medium for the growth and mineral nutrition of L.deliciosus was 18.0 g/L soluble starch,0.5 g/L ammonium tartrate and 0.5 g/L KH2PO4.%选用L9(34)正交表,设置了碳源、氮源和磷量的三因素三水平试验,以探索适于松乳菇生长和矿质营养吸收的最佳培养基.结果表明:9种培养基对松乳菇生长和矿质养分含量均有明显影响.三因素中,对菌丝体生长、K、Ca吸收影响最大的是碳源,对Fe、Mn吸收影响最大的是氮源,对P、Mg、Zn吸收影响最大的是P量.碳源中,可溶性淀粉效果最佳,可使生物量增加32.20％,P、K、Zn含量分别增加16.94％、182.81％,59.09％;氮源中,酒石酸铵最利于菌丝体生长,尿素最利于P、K吸收,谷氨酸最利于Mg、Fe、Mn吸收;P量中,0.5 g/LKH2PO4最适于菌丝体生长和对P、K、Mg、Zn的吸收.促进松乳菇生长和矿质营养吸收的优化组合是:可溶性淀粉18.0 g/L+酒石酸铵0.5 g/L+ KH2PO4 0.5 g/L.