温度对波纹龙虾消化酶活力的影响

摘要

研究了波纹龙虾温度对不同消化器官中消化酶活力的影响,为人工饲料科学配制依据.用酶学分析方法,设计6个温度梯度(20℃、25℃、30℃、35℃、40℃和45℃),分别测定波纹龙虾胃、肠和肝胰脏的类胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活力.结果显示:在反应温度20℃~45℃范围内,波纹龙虾胃、肠、肝胰脏内的消化酶均随着温度的升高表现为先升后降趋势;不同消化器官中胃蛋白酶活力值出现拐点的温度不一样,胃、肠和肝胰脏的胃蛋白酶活力最大的温度分别是30℃、35℃和40℃;不同消化器官胃蛋白酶的活力有显著差异(P<0.05),大小依次为胃>肠>肝胰脏;波纹龙虾不同消化器官的类胰蛋白酶出现最大酶活力的温度相同,为40℃,但胃的类胰蛋白酶活力明显较肠和肝胰脏的低(P<0.05),差值最大可达40 U/mg;波纹龙虾胃、肠和肝胰脏的淀粉酶活力在25℃均出现最大值;在消化器官中,肠道淀粉酶活力最大,与胃和肝胰脏的酶活力有显著性差异(P<0.05);波纹龙虾胃、肠和肝胰脏内的脂肪酶活力最大的温度为30℃,活力最高的是肝胰脏,胃内的脂肪酶活力明显的比肠和肝胰脏的要低(P<0.05).%To provide an basis for scientific formula of artificial diets,the effects of different temperatures on the digestive enzyme activities in the panulirus homarus were investigated. Using enzymatic analysis method, the four enzymes, including pepsin, trypase, amylase and lipase, were determined in the digestive organs of stomach,intestines,hepatopancreas in the panulirus homarus at temperatures of 20℃,25℃,30℃,35℃,40℃and 45℃. All activities of the four kinds of digestive enzymes presented a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with temperatures ranging from 20℃to 45℃. The highest reaction temperature differed for pepsin reaching the turning point in different digestive organs, with values of 30℃, 35℃, 40℃ corresponded to stomach,intestines and hepatopancreas,respectively. And there were significant differences(P<0. 05)in pepsin among the three tissues,of which stomach presented the maximum level,while hepatopancreas had the lowest one. The temperature for the presentation of the maximal activity of trypsase in different digestive organs were same at 40℃,and level of trypsase in stomach was significantly lower P<0. 05 ) than those in intestines and hepatopancreas,with the interval was up to 40 U/mg. The amylase activity exhibited maximal in intestine, which differed significantly( P<0. 05) from those in other two organs,but the highest reaction temperature for activity of amylase in all three digestive organs were 25℃. The activities of lipase in all digestive organs had the same optimal reaction temperature of 30℃, when the activity of lipase was highest in hepatopancreas, whereas stomach presented a lower lipase activity(P<0. 05).