换水率和密度对刺参生长和水质的影响

摘要

为探究日换水率(0、10%、20%、30%和100%)和养殖密度[0.980±0.008、1.760±0.005、2.810±0.007和(3.640±0.006)kg/m3]对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长率和养殖水质的影响,养殖试验首先在非循环水养殖条件下,测定各组刺参综合特定生长率(ISGR)及养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度.结果显示,日换水率为10%和20%处理组的ISGR分别达到每天(1.330±0.161)%和(1.410±0.182)%,显著高于其他处理组;密度养殖试验证明,随着养殖密度的增加,ISGR逐渐降低,分别达到每天(0.610±0.500)%,(0.570±0.030)%,(0.560±0.045)%和(0.320±0.040)%,各组换水率及养殖密度组水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮均在安全浓度范围内波动;养殖结果显示,循环水养殖试验组刺参的ISGR高于非循环水养殖组,可达(0.130±0.007)%,且氨氮及亚硝酸盐氮质量浓度在0.020 mg/L以下,而非循环水养殖的分别积累到(0.600±0.015)mg/L和(0.076±0.002)mg/L.研究表明,在换水率15%,养殖密度(2.810±0.007)kg/m3的循环水养殖条件下,可以保证水体水质稳定,刺参生长良好.%In order to investigate the effects of water exchange rate(0,10%,20%,30% and 100%) and stocking density(0.980±0.008,1.760±0.005,2.810±0.007 and(3.640±0.006)kg / m3) on growth of Apostichopus japonicus and water quality, An aquaculture experiment was carried out in the non-recirculating water to determine the integrated special growth rate ( ISGR ) for Apostichopus japonicus in various groups and the concentrations of ammonia and nitrite in the water. The results showed that the ISGR for the treatment groups with water exchange rate of 10% and 20% was (1. 330±0. 161)% and (1. 410±0. 182)% per day respectively, which was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups. As the stocking density being ineread, the ISGR reduced gradually with a result(0. 610±0. 500)%,(0. 570±0. 030)%,(0. 560±0. 045)% and (0. 320± 0. 040)%) respectively. The concentration of ammonia and nitrite in each group fluctuated within the safe concentration range. The results showed that the ISGR of Apostichopus japonicus cultured in the recirculating water was(0. 130±0. 007)%,higher than that in the non-recirculating water,and the concentration of ammonia and nitrite was controlled below 0. 02 mg/L in the recirculating aquaculture group,which was higher than that of the non-recirculating aquaculture group. The Ammonia and nitrite nitrogen accumulated in the recirculating water group were (0.600±0.015)mg/L and (0.076±0.002)mg/L,respectively.The results showed that the water quality was stable and the growth of apostichopus japonicus was fast with an exchange rate of 15% and stocking density of (2. 810±0. 007 )kg / m3 in the rerecirculating water.