在受限和通风防火分区内对燃烧速率特性的试验研究

摘要

在核安全研究框架内对在受限和通风防火分区内油池火燃烧速率进行了试验研究.在实体火灾试验基础上,此研究为在受限和通风火灾场景下的燃烧速率机理提供了新的信息.描述了在自由条件和空气受限条件下所进行的试验,对试验装置、仪器以及火源进行了详细叙述.在相同场景(0.4 m2 TPH 油池火)下,对自由条件和空气受限条件的试验情况下的燃烧速率进行了对比.在空气受限情况下,燃烧速率与时间的变化曲线显示出三个不同阶段:自由条件和受限燃烧速率相同;不稳定阶段,空气受限条件下燃烧速率高于自由条件下的燃烧速率;稳定阶段.从图像分析看,不稳定阶段显示,动荡和间歇火焰大大提高了燃烧速率.介绍了通风速率和油池面积对此现象的影响.试验结果为理解有限区域内燃烧速率提供了新的试验信息.%This paper presents an experimental study dealing with the burning rate of pool fire in a confined and ventilated compartment within the framework of nuclear safety research. Based on full-scale pool fire experiments, it provides new information to improve understanding of burning rate mechanisms in confined and ventilated fire scenario. First of all, the paper describes the experiments conducted in both a free atmosphere and a compartment; the facility, instrumentation and fire source are detailed. Then, an analysis is made comparing free atmosphere and compartment burning rate for the same fire scenario (0.4 m2 TPH pool fire). In compartment, burning rate versus time reveals three different periods: a first period when free atmosphere and compartment burning rate are identical, a second unsteady period, during which the burning rate is higher in a compartment than in a free atmosphere and a third steady period. From video-recorder and image analysis, a detailed description of the second unsteady region shows oscillating and periodic flame behaviour resulting in significant increase of the burning rate. The effects of the ventilation rate and the pool area on this phenomenon are demonstrated. The results provide new experimental information that contribute to improving understanding of burning rate in a compartment.