为了更好地描述疏松态金属材料的冲击压缩特性,基于托马斯-费米原子统计模型,研究金属晶体中电子热行为对系统内粒子数、内能、压强等参数的影响,修改了描述疏松金属材料的Wu-Jing模型中的参数R的计算方法.结合混合物的冷能叠加原理,得到考虑电子相影响的疏松态混合物物态方程.并对不同配比的密实态W/Cu合金、不同疏松度的Al/Ni合金的典型多功能含能结构材料进行计算,获得其冲击压力-比容关系及冲击波速度-粒子速度关系,计算结果与实验结果吻合较好.结果表明,本文中模型对未反应条件下的金属材料冲击压缩特性预测较好;疏松材料的冲击压力-粒子速度关系并不呈现出密实材料的近似线性关系,其冲击压缩过程分为压实前和压实后2个明显的阶段;多功能含能结构材料的冲击压缩特性受材料孔隙率、材料配比等影响明显.%In this work,based on the Thomas-Fermi statistical model,we modified the calculation method of the Wu-Jing parameters R and investigated the effect of the electronic thermal motion on such parameters as the particle number,the internal energy,and the pressure,inside the metallic crystal structure so as to truly describe the shock compression properties of porous metal materials.A new equation of state was developed for porous materials in which the contribution of the electronic phases was considered explicitly under the condition of different porosity.The relationship between pressure and particle velocity,shock wave velocity and particle velocity was obtained for typical MESMs,for instance different components of W/Cu alloy (dense) and different dense degrees of A1/Ni alloy.Compared with existing models,the equation of state established in this paper is better fitted with the experimental results.The results show that this model can be used to predict the shock compression properties of metal materials under unreacted conditions.The us-up relationship of porous materials does not exhibit an approximate linear relationship as solid materials,due to the shock compression characteristics that are divided into two distinct phases before and after compaction.The shock compression characteristics of multi-functional energetic structure materials are obviously affected by the porosity and material ratio.
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