小型精馏实验装置开发与应用研究

摘要

介绍了自行研制的计算机数据在线测控精馏实验装置的设计思路和工艺流程,并将其应用于实验教学,进行了全回流、部分回流和间歇精馏的操作,测定了全塔效率、单板效率和塔内温度分布,考查了回流比对分离效果的影响,以及间歇操作时塔顶及塔釜组成随时间的变化,有效地丰富了实验内容,拓展了实验空间,较全面地培养了学生的基本实验技能、综合应用能力和科学研究素养.%The distillation experiment is a very important part in the experimental teaching of unit operations.The design idea and process flow of the self-developed distillation equipment with computer on-line data-collecting and control system are introduced, and the device is applied for experimental teaching.In this study, the experiment is carried out with the operation of full reflux and partial reflux of continuous distillation and batch distillation.The overall tray efficiency, single tray efficiency, and temperature distribution in the tower are measured.The effect of reflux ratio on the distillation process and the changes of tower top composition and tower bottom composition with time in the operation of batch distillation are investigated.Therefore, the content and space of the distillation experiment are effectively broadened.Also the basic experimental skills, comprehensive research ability and scientific quality of students are comprehensively trained.