2013-2016年北京医院门诊国家基本抗菌药物应用分析与政策研究

摘要

目的:了解北京医院(以下简称"我院")门诊国家基本抗菌药物应用情况,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供参考.方法:对2013-2016年我院门诊国家基本抗菌药物的销售金额、用药频度及其构成比,以及限定日费用等进行统计分析.结果:2013-2016年我院门诊国家基本抗菌药物品种数变化较小,其销售金额占抗菌药物总销售金额的比例较低.4年来,我院门诊国家基本抗菌药物销售金额及其占抗菌药物总销售金额的比例均有所下降;各类国家基本抗菌药物的品规数变化较小,销售金额及其构成比同时上升的主要有头孢菌素类、大环内酯类、氟喹诺酮类抗菌药物;各类国家基本抗菌药物的销售金额排序和用药频度排序变化较小,销售金额大的品种相对固定,绝大多数药品的限定日费用持平或下调.结论:我院对抗菌药物国家基本药物品种的选择和分级管理体现了有效性、安全性和多样性的特征.基本抗菌药物应该能够覆盖各级医疗卫生机构的临床常见感染性疾病和抗菌谱,同时应多为临床首选用药,以为基本药物的优先使用奠定基础.%OBJECTIVE:To investigate in the application of national essential antibiotics in outpatient service of Beijing Hospital (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"), and provide references for clinical rational application of antibiotics. METHODS:The consumption sum, DDDs and its constituent ratio and DDC of national essential antibiotics in outpatient service of our hospital from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed. RESULTS:The species of the national essential antibiotics in outpatient service of our hospital had few changes, its ratio of consumption sum versus the total consumption sum of antibiotics was relatively low. For four years, the ratio of consumption sum of national essential antibiotics versus the total consumption sum of antibiotics was in a decreasing trend; categories of various national essential antibiotics had few changes; drugs with increasing consumption sum and constituent ratio were respectively cephalosporins, macrolides and fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Consumption sum ranking and defined daily dose system (DDDs) ranking of various national essential antibiotics changed slightly, the categories of antibiotics with high consumption sum was relatively fixed, defined daily cost (DDC) of most drugs were relatively stable or decreased. CONCLUSIONS:In our hospital, the selection and classification management of national essential antibiotics shows the characteristics of efficacy, safety and diversity. National essential antibiotics can cover the clinical common infectious diseases and antibacterial spectrum in all levels of medical and health institutions, which also should be selected as clinical preferred medication, so as to lay the foundation for the priority application of national essential drugs.