哈尔滨市水土流失现状调查与分析研究

摘要

With the announcement of Action Plan for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control, the task ofinvestigating soil erosion and establishing soil environmental governancesystem is becoming urgent.The water and soil conservationsurvey of first-ever province-wide water resources survey were carried out from 2010 to 2012 in HeilongjiangProvince.Based on the results of survey, the investigation on soil and water loss status was carried out along withfield research.These results indicate that water erosion was the main type of soil erosion, and covering 13 157.51 square kilometers, which comprises 24.78 percent of total erosion area of Harbin.The area of soil erosion comprises 16.06 percent of total erosion area of Heilongjiang province, 8 percentagepoints more than the average ofHeilongjiang.The area of frost-thaw erosion is 1.5 square kilometers,which comprises 0.01 percent of total frost-thaw erosion area ofthe whole province.The reasons of soil and water loss have been analyzed, and the corresponding preventive measureshave also been proposed.%随着《土壤污染防治行动计划》的出台,开展土壤侵蚀调查以及构建土壤环境治理体系的任务,摆在了面前.黑龙江省于2010年-2012年开展第一次水利普查水土保持专项普查,以该次普查成果为基础,结合实地调研,对哈尔滨市水土流失现状展开调查.结果表明:哈尔滨市土壤侵蚀类型以水蚀为主,水蚀面积为13 157.51 km2,占全市总面积24.78%,占全省土壤侵蚀总面积16.06%,超全省平均水平8个百分点;冻融侵蚀面积为1.5 km2,仅占全省冻融侵蚀面积的0.01%.针对水土流失现状,分析了水土流失成因,并提出了相应防治措施.