火电厂NO减排与氨逃逸检测技术浅析

摘要

我国目前的能源结构决定了未来燃煤机组装机容量将不断增长，火电厂排放的NOX仍将增加。概述了现有的低氮燃烧技术和烟气脱硝技术，着重介绍了应用最多且最为成熟的分级燃烧技术和选择性催化还原脱硝技术（SCR），并分析了两种技术的脱硝机理及提高脱硝效率的因素。应用SCR技术时，会产生氨逃逸，概述了现有的氨逃逸检测技术，以及可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱检测技术（TDLAS）在火电厂中的应用。针对目前火电厂脱硝现状，指出在应用SCR技术同时，应进一步优化低氮燃烧系统，可有效降低NOX排放。%The energy structure of our country determines that installed capacity of coal-fired units will continue to increase in the future, so the effluent NOX of coal-fired power plant will continue to increase. In this case, this paper summarizes the existing denitrification technologies. The Selective Catalytic Reduction technology and low nitrogen combustion technology that have been widely and successfully in coal-fired power plants are emphasized, and deni-tration mechanism and factors that can increase the efficiency of denitrification are analyzed. The application of SCR technology can produce ammonia slip, so the existing technologies of ammonia slip detection are reviewed and ana-lyzed, especially Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy technology in coal-fired power plant. In view of the present denitration actuality in thermal power plant, this paper points out that the combination of SCR and the further optimization of low nitrogen combustion system can effectively reduce NOX effluent.