温州市灰霾污染的特征与成因分析

摘要

利用高时空分辨率的监测数据,结合混合受体模式,运用统计学分析方法,研究温州市2013-2014年大气污染物时间变化特征,并对2013年12月初严重灰霾污染事件进行案例分析.结果表明:春、冬季PM2.5平均值明显高于夏、秋季.本地PM2.5浓度受二次细颗粒物的形成、区域传输以及气象条件的影响,交通运输源是重要来源.春季PM2.5/CO(质量比)最高(尤其在凌晨和下午两个时段),此时二次细颗粒物的贡献较大.案例分析发现,安徽省及长三角地区的工业化发达区域(特别是上海市、宁波市等沿海城市)是温州市严重灰霾污染的主要潜在源区;沈阳市也是重要潜在源区,传输路径为海上通道.%To identify sources and characteristics of haze pollution in Wenzhou,statistical analysis method was used to study the temporal variations of air pollution from March 1st,2013 to February 28th,2014.The observational data with the high spatial-temporal resolution and hybrid receptor models were used in this study.In addition,a case study for a heavy haze episode from November 25th to December 11th,2013 was carried out.The results revealed that PM2.5 showed significantly higher concentrations during the spring and winter than the summer and autumn.PM2.5 levels were affected by other factors such as meteorological conditions,secondary fine particulate production,regional transport processes.Vehicle emissions were one of the major sources.The PM2.5/CO (mass fraction) was the largest in spring,especially in the early morning and afternoon,reflecting a significant contribution of secondary fine particulate formation.The case study indicated that PM2.5 pollution in Wenzhou mainly originated from the industrial zones in the Anhui Province and Yangtze River Delta,especially from the coastal cities such as Shanghai and Ningbo.It was of interest to find that Shenyang was also an important potential source with the transport path through the ocean region.