陕北石油勘探开发区地表水污染特征分析

摘要

研究了陕北主要石油勘探开发地区地表水的水质状况,分析了pH、矿化度(全盐量)、硬度、六价铬、砷、镉、铅、氨氮、挥发酚、石油类、化学需氧量(COD)、氯化物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐氮、总磷、氰化物、氟化物等17个指标,结果显示砷、镉、铅、氟化物、硝酸盐、氰化物、氟化物的Pi值均小于1；挥发酚、总磷、石油类、氨氮、COD、六价铬、硫酸盐、矿化度、氯化物、硬度均超标.研究区东部和西部地表水呈现出不同的污染特征,通过分析不同区域污染物来源,提出了污染防治对策与建议.%In This paper,the quality was investigated in surface water of the main petroleum exploration region in Northern Shaanxi.We analyzed the pH value,salinity,hardness,hexavalent chromium,arsenic,cadmium,lead,ammonia nitrogen,volatile phenol,petroleum and chemical oxygen demand (COD),chloride,sulfate,nitrate nitrogen,total phosphorus,cyanide,fluoride and other 17 index,the results showed that the Pi value of arsenic,cadmium,lead,fluoride,nitrate,cyanide,fluoride were less than 1,so they are not the factor of contaminants; the value of volatile phenol,total phosphorus,petroleum and ammonia nitrogen,COD,hexavalent chromium,sulfate,salinity,chloride,hardness are over standard.The surface water Show different pollution characteristics in the east and the west research area.Through analyzing the source of contamination in two areas,this paper put forward pollution control countermeasures and suggestions.