典型陆源入海排污对邻近海域富营养化及生物毒性的影响

摘要

主要采用等标污染负荷、营养状态指数、生物综合毒性指标和GIS手段，通过对秦皇岛海域3个陆源入海排污口及邻近海域水质因子调查，考察典型陆源入海排污对邻近海域富营养化及生物毒性的影响。结果表明，大蒲河、人造河和洋河入海污染物的等标污染负荷比分别为36�9％、61�1％和2�0％，其中大蒲河和人造河对该海域污染负荷比的贡献达98％，为主要污染源；邻近海域主要超标污染物为PO3-4和DIN，PO3-4浓度与NQI相关分析（r＝0�76，P＝0�0046）和GIS空间对比表明，PO3-4可能是造成该海域富营养化的主要因子。 NQI和发光细菌发光抑制率的空间分布特征表明，该海域受陆源排污的影响比较明显。%In this paper, the index of equal standard pollution load, nutrient quality index and bio-toxicity were used based on ArcGIS method to examine the impact of sewage from typical land-based sources. The eutrophication and biological toxicity of seawaters were also examined through the investigation of water quality factors of the three land-based outlets and the adjacent sea areas around Qin Huangdao. The results showed that the equal standard pollution load of Dapu River, the Artificial River and Yang River were 36�9%, 61�1% and 2�0%, respectively, which means the Dapu and Artificial River were main pollution sources which the total contribution of pollution loads were up to 98%;PO3-4 and DIN were the major pollutants in the adjacent waters and the result of the correlation analysis and GIS spatial comparison between concentration of PO3-4 and NQI index ( r=0�76, P=0�004 6) indicated that PO3-4 might be the main factor to cause eutrophication of this sea area. The characteristics of the spatial distribution of NQI index and luminescent bacteria inhibition rate showed that land-based sources had significant influence on the adjacent sea area.