根据《巴黎协定》强化透明度框架的相关规定,2020年后我国需每两年更新国家温室气体清单报告并接受国际专家组审评.为提前做好相关准备工作,本文调研了其他国家在清单编制工作机制方面的经验,分析了不同方式的优缺点,通过归纳总结指出了我国现有组织方式的不足.结合发达国家和部分发展中国家好的做法,建议我国"十三五"期间,分"两步走"完善我国国家温室气体清单编制的工作机制,一是在2018年年底前成立国家温室气体清单机构;二是在"十三五"末形成以部委间国家温室气体清单指导委员会确定清单编制重大事项,主管部门负责组织协调和领导清单编制工作,且由清单办公室具体负责实施的工作模式.%In accordance with the relevant provisions of the enhanced transparency framework under the Paris Agreement, China shall update its national GHG inventory report every two years and undergo a review by international experts since 2020. This paper investigates the experience of other countries in the working mechanism of inventory preparation, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different ways, and sums up the shortcomings of the existing working mechanism in China. Based on experience from developed countries and good practice from other developing countries, we suggests that China should takes"two steps" to improve China's national greenhouse gas inventory preparation mechanism in the 13th Five-Year-Plan (FYP) Period. The first is by the end of 2018, it is suggested to establish a National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Office. The second is by the end of the 13th FYP Period, it is suggested to formulate a work mode with inter-ministry national greenhouse gas inventory guiding committee determining major issues, leading department responsible for organizing and coordination, and the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Office implementing the specific tasks.
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