滚筒酸洗去除气门氧化皮的研究

摘要

The descaling effects of auto engine valves after acid-washing in a roller and shot-blasting were investigated by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scan electron microscopy methods. The results show that the surface defects of scale and decarburized layer were found in the valves after hot-working. Both the scale and the decarburized layer can be removed away by shot-blasting, but with scratches, crumples and micro-cracks on the valve surface. However, acid-washing in a roller can quickly remove scale and decarburized layer from valve surface with no surface defects such as scratches, crumples and micro-cracks produced by shot-blasting. Substituting for the shot-blasting, the acid-washing method in a roller can decrease the dust and the noise with recycling utilization of the acid bath.%利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射和金相显微镜等方法研究分析喷丸和滚筒酸洗去除汽车发动机气门氧化皮的效果.结果表明:气门经热加工后,同时产生氧化皮和脱碳层缺陷,喷丸和滚筒酸洗均能有效去除氧化皮和脱碳层,但喷丸去除氧化皮会造成气门表面损伤(如折叠和微裂纹等缺陷);而滚筒酸洗能快速去除氧化皮和脱碳层,不产生表面微裂纹等缺陷,废液也能再利用,是值得推荐使用的方法.