Penetration of renewable energy has been increasing in the power system for its environmental benefits. With the prosperity of smart grid technologies, more integration of renewable distributed generation is expected. Wind power is one of the renewable energy resources which have the most potential in both commercial and technical fields. This paper proposes a virtual power plant composed of distributed wind turbines and energy storage system to participate in the operation of power system, and establishes the optimal scheduling model for the power system with the virtual power plant. The proposed model takes the optimal scheduling of power and reserve capacity into account at the same time, and adopts conditional value at risk ( CVaR ) for the risk management of the total system operation cost. Without the network modification, the virtual power plant is more applicable to the scheduling and management of distributed renewable energy resources that are dispersedly located. More economic benefits can be obtained through the distributed renewable energy scheduling based on the virtual power plant compared to the conventional co-operation of wind power and energy storage. Furthermore, the risk of system operation can be reduced at the same time.%清洁的可再生能源在电力系统中的渗透率不断提升.随着智能电网技术的发展,越来越多的分布式可再生能源接入电力系统运行.风电是最具商业潜力及发展前景的可再生能源之一.该文提出将分布式风电机组与储能设备构成虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)参与电力系统运行,并建立了计及虚拟电厂的电力系统优化调度模型.模型中同时考虑了功率及备用容量的优化调度,并利用条件风险价值(conditional value at risk,CVaR)对系统运行成本进行风险管理.无须对电网的结构进行改变,虚拟电厂更适用于地理聚集程度较低的可再生分布式能源的调度和管理.同时,相较于常规的风电-储能联合运行模式,基于虚拟电厂的分布式可再生能源调度在降低系统风险的同时也提高了系统运行的经济性.
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