中央空调节费运行方案及其适用性分析

摘要

基于商业用户节省空调电费的强烈愿望和带楼宇自控系统的中央空调自身的调节能力,提出一种分时电价激励作用下用户自主实施的、以节费为目的的中央空调运行方案优化模型.优化结果给出按一定时间间隔调节空调温度设定值的方案,业主可通过预冷移荷和提高高电价时段的室温以达到降费的目的.针对商业性建筑典型参数实施的算例分析表明:用户以节费为目的的空调运行优化方案,对降低峰荷时段的电力需求有一定效果;运营时段降载量和节费量主要受调温周期和允许最大温升影响;早峰荷时段的起始时间、峰平价比都是激励用户预冷移荷的关键因素.%As the commercial customers desire to save the electricity cost of their air conditioners and the central air conditioners with BAS(Building Automation control System) have the adjustment capacity,an optimization model of central air conditioner operation scheme based on the TOU(Time-Of-Use) prices of electricity and with the electricity cost saving as its objective is proposed for the commercial customer to independently implement.The optimized operation scheme periodically adjusts the temperature setting of air conditioners and the customers may save the electricity cost by pre-cooling the building and increasing the room temperature setting.Case study based on the typical parameters of commercial building shows that,the optimized operation scheme effectively reduces the load demand in peak load periods;the load reduction and the saved electricity cost are mainly affected by the temperature adjustment cycle and the maximum allowable room temperature;the start time of morning peak load period and the TOU price ratio are the key factors for motivating the customer to shift the loads by pre-cooling.