Higher education of Israel has a higher private rate of return and a good expectations of future incomes. But there is a significant difference among different groups. Studies have shown that the Jewish and male college graduates have a clear comparative advantage in the Israeli labor market, women and Arab university graduates at a disadvantage. With the development of the international higher education and depth theoretical study on the cost-sharing, the Israeli government issued a new student financial aid scheme, preparing the introduction of two national student loan program: "One is the Shochat committee"program, the other is"Free to Learn" program. The two loan programs have great differences in goal setting, organization, operational procedures, sources of funding, the burden of repayment, but each has advantages and disadvantages. A practical student loan program is restricted by many factors, taking into account of the selectivity , competitiveness and diversities in the competitive market economy, the coexistence of two programs is the better solution to solve Israel's higher education loan market failure, which it also provides some good experiences to help our country 's student loans more perfect in the near future.%以色列高等教育具有较高的私人收益率和收入预期，但不同群体差异显著。研究表明，犹太人和男性大学毕业生在以色列劳动力市场具有明显的比较优势，女性和阿拉伯人大学毕业生高等教育私人收益率较高，但在劳动力市场处于相对劣势。随着高等教育规模扩大和成本分担理论的影响，以色列政府制定了新的大学生资助计划，相继出台“夏切特委员会”和“自由学习”学生贷款方案。市场经济的竞争性、选择性和差异性导致两种方案并存，但总体研究表明：前者还款负担比较重，拖欠率相对较高；后者还款时间较长，还款相对轻松，贷款回收率较高。以色列政府多样化的贷款方案旨在解决高等教育贷款市场失灵，促进高等教育公平与效率，其经验值得我们反思与借鉴。
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