人口老龄化、代际冲突与公共教育支出

摘要

不同年龄段人群的公共服务需求类型的差异可能导致公共资源配置代际冲突。本文利用CGSS 微观数据和2001-2010年省级面板数据，从主观和客观两个角度研究了人口老龄化对公共教育支出的影响，结果表明中国存在公共资源配置代际冲突。主观上，人们对公共教育支出的支持力度随着年龄的增长而下降；同时，相对于公共教育领域，年龄越大的人越倾向于支持公共资源投入到社会保障和养老金领域。客观上，省级人口老龄化程度对公共教育支出强度有显著的负面影响。进一步研究表明，公共资源配置代际冲突与中国特殊的老龄化进程有关。%The differences in the types of public service needs of different age groups may lead to intergenerational conflict for the allocation of public resources. Using CGSS micro data and provincial panel data from 2001 to 2010, this paper studies the impact of population aging on public expenditure of education from both subjective and objective points. Subjectively, on one hand, people’s support on public education expenditure declines with age. Meanwhile, with respect to the field of public education, older people tend to support that public resources could be used in social security and pensions. Objectively, on the other hand, the extent of provincial aging has a significant negative impact on the strength of public education expenditure. Further empirical studies show that intergenerational conflict of public resources allocation is closely related with the special aging process in China.