交易费用理论研究视角演进综述

摘要

Research lens of transaction cost theory underwent evolution process from bargainer,to contractor and again to new lens of bargainer.First,it’s reviewed that Coase analyzed how mechanism substitution saves transaction cost with basic unit to be enterprise and Alchian and Demsetz brought forward different explanation of its saving.Second,it’s reviewed that Cheung consider enterprise to be contract set and indicate existence of price discovery cost and Williamson analyze relation among transaction characters,regulation and cost from lens of contract by discrete structural analysis.Third,theory presumptions and relative merits of above two lenses are stated.Finally,it’s reviewed that new lens of bargainer complies with current research paradigm and integrates advantaged characters of above two lenses.%交易费用理论研究视角，经历了从主体到契约再到新主体视角的演进过程。首先，评述科斯以企业为基本单元来分析机制替代以节约交易费用的原理，以及阿尔奇安和德姆塞茨对于节约原理的不同主张；其次，评述张五常关于企业是契约组合以及存在发现价格费用的观点和威廉姆森从契约视角以分立结构方法分析交易属性、规制和费用关系的观点；然后，描述前述两种视角的相同理论假设以及各自长短；最后，指出新主体视角观点遵从现有研究范式且综合了前两种视角的有利特征。