生态足迹是定量研究区域可持续发展的一种重要方法.运用生态足迹方法分析了贵州省1999-2008年生态足迹的动态变化,并利用生态足迹指数和生态足迹强度等指标对贵州省1999-2008年的生态可持续性进行了评估.结果表明:10年来,贵州省人均生态足迹由1999年的2.09428 hm2上升到2008年的3.61348 hm2;人均生物承载力由1999年的0.78542 hm2下降到2008年的0.73481 hm2;人均生态赤字由1999年的1.30887 hm2上升到2008年的2.87868 hm2;万元GDP生态足迹由1999年的8.28791 hm2下降到2008年的4.11170hm2;生态足迹强度指数由1999年的2.66646上升到2008年的4.91761;生态足迹多样性呈现缓慢上升的趋势,社会发展指数总体呈逐年上升趋势;说明发展能力逐年提高,但这是以生态足迹增加为代价的.据此,提出减少了生态足迹和缓解生态环境压力的对策和建议.%Ecological footprint method is an effective approach for quantitatively measuring the regional sustainable development degree. Dynamic changes of ecological footprint (EF) were analyzed based on ecological footprint method and ecological sustainability was assessed by using EF index (EFI) and EF efficiency (EFE) of Guizhou province from 1999 to 2008. The result showed that the per-capita ecological footprint of Guizhou Province increased from 2.094 28 hm2 in 1999 to 3.613 48 hm2 in 2008,and the per-capita ecological capacity decreased from 0.785 42 hm2 in 1999 to 0.734 81 hm2 in 2008. The per-capita ecological deficit increased from 1.308 87 hm2 in 1999 to 2.878 68 hm2 in 2008. Ecological footprint per million GDP declined year-by year,from 8.287 91 hm2 in 1999 to 4.111 70 hm2 in 2008. Ecological footprint intensity index increased from 2.666 46 in 1999 to 4.917 61 in 2008. Ecological footprint diversity increased slowly and generally, social development index was increasing; which indicated the development capacity was improved year by year. However, this trend resulted the increasing cost of ecological footprint during the past 10 years. The countermeasures and suggestions of reducing the ecological footprint and relieving the ecological environment pressure were proposed.
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