The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication (PIM) Use in Older Adults is an explicit list of PIMs best avoided in older adults in general and in those with certain diseases or syndromes, prescribed at reduced dosage or with caution or carefully monitored. The 2015 Beers Criteria updated the existing criteria, and added two major components: 1) drugs for which dose adjustment is required based on kidney function and 2) drug–drug interactions. The intentions of the criteria are to: improve medication selection; educate clinicians and patients; reduce adverse drug events; and serve as a tool for evaluating quality of care, cost, and patterns of drug use of older adults. This paper aims to interpret the 2015 Beers Criteria and discuss the role of pharmacists in the safe and appropriate use of medications in older adults.%美国老年医学会比尔斯标准(Beers Criteria)是在老年人中应避免使用的潜在不适当药物列表,包括一般情形下和在那些有某些疾病或综合症的老年人中应避免使用、需要降低剂量或慎用或仔细监测的药物.比尔斯标准制定的目的是为了改善临床老年人的用药选择、教育临床医生和患者、减少药物不良反应、以及作为评估护理质量、成本以及老年人药物使用模式的工具.2015年美国老年医学会对2012年版标准进行了更新,同时增加了基于患者肾功能应当避免的药物或需要调整的剂量以及与老年人危害相关的药物-药物相互作用列表.本文对2015版比尔斯标准进行解读,为国内老年人合理和安全用药提供一定的参考,并对药师利用该标准提供药学服务提供一定的借鉴.
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