云南省保山市代谢综合征流行特征及相关影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome and its influencing factors in residents in Baoshan of Yunnan province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 8 304 adult residents selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling in Baoshan,and body measurements and biochemical detection were performed for them.Results The prevalence and standardized prevalence of metabolic syndrome were 11.9％ and 11.3％ respectively (6.3％ and 6.0％ in men;17.1％ and 16.3％ in women),the prevalence was higher in women than in men (P ＜ 0.001).The prevalence was higher in flatland area,in Han ethnic group and in people aged 60-79 years,the prevalence increased with age (P ＜ 0.001),and it was highest in men aged 35-59 years and increased continually in women (P ＜ 0.001).With the increase of educational level,the prevalence decreased firstly and then increased,and increased in men and decreased in women.The independent risk factors of metabolic syndrome in Baoshan were living in flatland area,older age,being female and Han ethnic group,excessed meat consumption,high body mass index and suffering from chronic diseases.High level of education and physical activity were protective factors.The detection rates of high blood pressure,high TG,low HDL-C and central obesity were high.Conclusion Metabolic syndrome had become a major public health problem in Baoshan.We should pay more attention to older people,the residents in flatland area,lowly educated women and highly educated men and overweight people in the prevention and control of metabolic syndrome.%目的 掌握云南省保山市成年居民代谢综合征(MS)患病率及流行特征,分析相关影响因素,为制定MS干预措施提供参考依据.方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法进行问卷调查、身体测量及生化检测,对保山市8 304名≥18岁常住居民的有效样本进行统计学分析.结果 保山市成年居民MS患病率为11.9％(标化率11.3％),男性6.3％(标化率6.0％),女性17.1％(标化率16.3％)高于男性(x2=232.565,P＜0.001).MS患病率以坝区、汉族、60 ～79岁组最高,且随着年龄的增长,MS患病率逐步升高(趋势x2=97.070,P＜0.001);男性MS患病率最高为35～59岁,而女性持续升高(趋势x2=121.495,P＜0.001);随着文化程度升高,MS患病率先降后升,男性高学历患病率高,而女性低学历患病率高.经logistic回归分析显示,居住坝区、年龄大、女性、汉族、畜肉超量、体质指数高及已经患慢性病可能是保山市MS的主要危险因素,而高水平身体活动、高文化程度是患病保护因素.MS组分中血压升高、高甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低及中心性肥胖检出率较高.结论 MS已经成为威胁保山市居民主要的公共卫生问题,建议将大年龄人群、坝区居民、低学历女性及高学历男性、超重人群作为防控的重点人群.