特殊儿童自伤行为研究概述

摘要

自伤行为对个体、家庭和社会危害极大，是特殊儿童迫切需要解决的问题。自伤行为的发生率与智力水平、障碍的严重程度、年龄、样本来源等多种因素相关。自伤行为的产生有基因、生化、环境和心理等多方面原因，在某些条件下，也可能是上述多个因素相互作用的结果。应当从行为主义的视角加以探讨并针对性地制订干预措施，以对自伤行为实施有效控制。%Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is a dangerous problem behavior, which not only brings direct damage to the body, but also heavy psychological pressure. SIB is also considered to be the most pressing issue for special children. This paper reviewed the definition, prevalence, influencing factors, causal factors and behavioral approaches to the treatment of special children’s self-injurious behaviors.