呼伦贝尔市大气能见度影响因子及一次低能见度个例分析

摘要

为探寻呼伦贝尔市大气能见度、低能见度特征及其影响因子,揭示"冰晶雾"天气成因,利用呼伦贝尔市大气能见度资料及地面气象要素资料对4个代表站的能见度进行统计分析,并对一次典型低能见度事件进行分析,结果表明:(1)整个地区大气能见度的气候特征在空间分布及时间演变上均存在较大的不一致性,牧区能见度优于农区;(2)大气能见度与相对湿度和气压呈负相关,与气温和风速以正相关为主;(3)大气低能见度出现的集中时段是冬季,伴随最多的天气现象为结冰、积雪和霜;(4)2 m温度低于零下36℃,对于浓雾的产生具有指示意义.%Based on the atmospheric visibility data and the meteorological data of four stations in Hulunbuir,the variation features of visibility and its relationship with influencing factors were analyzed. The frequency of low visibility and its meteorological condition were discussed. The results indicated that the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of atmospheric visibility are largely inconsistent throughout the region. Atmospheric visibility is negatively correlated with relative humidity and air pressure,while a positively correlated with air temperature and wind speed. The vast majority low visibility occurred in winter,with the weather of the ice,snow and frost,which is likely to occur with the"ice fog"phenomenon in extremely cold winter.