The achievements and problems in the basic education reform in the northwestern rural areas were explored by the two periods of vertical comparison with questionnaire. The results show that teachers have the active attitude to the new curriculum and have high identity on the new curriculum. The adaptability of the new curriculum and the new textbooks in the northwestern rural areas is steadily increasing. Nowadays, the problems in the area are as follows： lack of the professional guidance, the lagging behind of the evaluation reform; the insufficient teacher training; the lack of the curriculum resources; the less attention of the higher level authorities ; the difficulties of the carrying out of inquiry-based learning and integrated practical activity. Also there exist some problems in the textbooks, which include that the exercises are too difficult for the students and the number of exercise is not enough. ; the content of the attached exercises are out of date and the exercises are not fit for the textbooks; the textbooks bear the feature of the urban areas and there exist some problems in the compiling order and difficulties.%以问卷调查的方式，通过两个阶段的纵向研究对比，笔者探讨了西北农村地区基础教育课程改革的成效与问题。研究发现：教师对新课程持有积极肯定的态度，对课程改革的认同度较高；新课程在西北农村地区的适应性稳步提高；新教材在西北农村地区的适应性显著提高。当前，新课程中存在的主要问题是：教师缺乏专业引领，评价改革滞后，教师培训不到位，课程资源匮乏，上级部门不够重视；研究性学习和综合实践活动的实施存在一定难度；现行教材练习题难度过大、习题量过少，配套练习内容陈旧、与教材不配套，教材城市化，教材编排次序、教材难度等方面也存在一定问题。
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