利用大样本“3414”试验数据建立油菜施肥数学模型

摘要

利用近8年湖南省实施的125个油菜“3414”肥效试验结果，通过分析大样本的试验数据，获得了油菜的最佳经济施肥量、土壤有效养分校正系数、肥料利用率等施肥技术参数。经分析，试验前土壤速效养分与对应的土壤有效养分校正系数呈极显著的负相关；通过组建土壤速效养分含量与供肥量、油菜目标产量与需肥量以及推荐施肥量的计算数组，建立依据目标产量和土壤速效养分的推荐施肥数学模型。运用该施肥数学模型精准制定油菜施肥方案，能充分利用多年的测土配方施肥试验结果和大量的土壤检测数据，并用于指导油菜大田生产实现科学施肥。%By analyzing the data of large sample “3414”fertilizer experiments (125)of rape in Hunan province in recent 8 years,the best economic fertilizing amount,correction coefficient of soil available nutrient,utilization ratio of fertilizer and technical parameters of fertilization of rape were obtained.Analysis results showed that there was significantly negative cor-relation between soil available nutrient contents before experiment and the correction coefficients of soil available nutrient. By organizing the calculating arrays of soil available nutrient content and nutrient supplement,and the rape target yield and the fertilizer requirement amount,the mathematical model for recommended fertilization was established based on the target yield and soil available nutrient.The precision fertilization scheme for rape can be established by using the fertilization mathematical model.The results of soil test and formula fertilization in many years could be applied to guide scientific fer-tilization in rape field production.