棉花若干形态特征进化的遗传基础

摘要

对棉子被毛、棉叶形状以及棉株结构等性状的遗传控制进行了研究.这些性状的遗传结构复杂,主要是染色体组/AA和染色体组/DD双二倍体棉陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)的融合.文内叙述了陆地棉这些性状在当地的进化表现及其栽培种的一些性状特征,诸如种子全裸、种子扁平、棉叶全缘、主茎有限生长习性等.%The data of genetic control of characters were given as follows: hair-covering (fuzzlint) of seeds, shape of leaves and structural features of palnt type. These characters have complex genetic structure owing to fusion of two genomes /AA and /DD in amphidiploid cotton (G. hirsutum L). Therefore, genes in its interaction with other genes differentiated by whole genome action, genomespecific and genespecific action. The place of absolute nakedness, flattenedness of the seeds, entire leaf and determinate type of the main stalk in evolution of cotton in cultivated species of G. hirsutum L. was shown.