32个棉花主栽品种DNA指纹图谱构建及遗传多样性分析

摘要

以我国2010年32个主栽品种为材料,利用SSR标记进行DNA指纹图谱的构建和遗传多样性分析.从95对SSR引物中,挑选出多态性高、稳定性好、均匀分布在棉花26条染色体上的40对引物,共扩增出161种多态性基因型,平均每对引物扩增出4.025种.引物多态信息量(PIC)0.2989～0.7585,平均为0.5407.11对引物在13个品种上有特征带型,最少利用5对引物就可以将32份材料完全区分开.利用NTSYS-pc V2.10软件聚类分析表明:长江流域棉区品种间遗传差异最大,黄河流域棉区次之,新疆棉区最小；常规种遗传基础较杂交种窄.%Thirty-two leading cotton cultivars were used as materials in the construction of DNA fingerprinting and analysis of genetic diversity with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Forty primer pairs with high polymorphisms, good repeatability, and even distribution on the 26 chromosomes were screened out from 95 candidates. A total of 161 polymorphic genotypes were detected among the 32 cultivars using the 40 SSR primer pairs, with an average of 4.025. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.2989 to 0.7585, with an average of 0.5407 per primer. Eleven primer pairs produced specific genotype bands on 13 cultivars. These 32 cotton cultivars could be absolutely identified by just 5 primer pairs. NTSYSpc v2.10 software was used to analyze genetic diversity of the cultivars. The results indicated that the cultivars from the Yangtze River valley had the highest polymorphic level, followed by those from the Yellow River valley, with the level of cultivars from the Xinjiang region being the lowest. The heritability of conventional cultivars was narrower than the hybrids.