考虑缺货与价格折扣的改良品供应链横向协调研究

摘要

在单一生产商和多个销售商组成的二级改良品供应链系统中,考虑销售商允许缺货及生产商提供价格折扣的情形,研究了改良品补货中多个销售商之间的相互协调.构建了分散补货与集中补货下销售商的最小单位时间总成本函数,推导集中补货优于分散补货的充要条件;借鉴多人合作博弈理论刻画销售商集中补货的成本分配问题,并运用Shapley值法将销售商集中补货的最小单位时间总成本进行分配.通过数值算例演示集中补货的决策过程,比较了4种成本分配算法的分配结果.最后给出改良率与成本协调指数对成本参数的敏感性分析,为销售商补货提供了决策参考.%In a two-echelon supply chain system of ameliorating items consisted of a single producer and multiple sellers,the mutual coordination of ameliorating items replenishment among multiple sellers was researched by considering the conditions that the sellers were allowed shortages and the producer provided price discount policy.The functions of minimum total cost per unit time were built under decentralized replenishment and centralized replenishment,and the necessary and sufficient conditions for centralized replenishment better than decentralized replenishment was deduced.Subsequently,the cooperative game theory was used to describe the cost allocation problem of centralized replenishment,and the Shapley Value Method was used to allocate the minimum total cost per unit time.According to a numerical example,the process of cost allocation was demonstrated,and the allocation results of four different cost allocation algorithms were compared.The sensitivity analysis of cost parameters for net ameliorating rate and cost coordinating exponent was given,and the relevant references for sellers' replenishment decision-making was provided.