采用电极对天线的水下通信电波传播分析

摘要

The propagating route of electromagnetic wave transmitted by underwater electric dipoles is modeled. The equation of near electric field and the propagating routes are analyzed and simulated. The relationship between received electric field and propagating distance, communication band and received depth is particularly discussed. Comparison indicates the superiority of lateral wave. At present, the lateral wave plays an important role in long-distance underwater communication, but there is few study in this field, so the paper focuses on the analysis of lateral wave, describes the divison of underwater communication area and the simulation of three-dimensional electric field.%对水下电极对天线发射电磁波的传播路径进行数学建模，分析了水下电极对天线发射电磁波的电场表达式，并对传播路径进行仿真研究，重点分析了接收电场同传播距离、通信频率和接收深度的关系，通过比较得出了侧面波的优越性。侧面波在水下远距离通信等方面有着十分重要的作用，当前对侧面波的研究很少，最后针对侧面波进行了重点分析，并划分了具有实际意义的水下通信区域，对各区域的三维合成电场进行了仿真研究。