老龄化加剧中国收入不平等了吗？

摘要

国内学者论证了人口老龄化对中国收入不平等程度的负面影响，但由于方法上的局限性，以往研究均无法精确衡量出老龄化效应对收入不平等的贡献率。本文在基尼系数基础上推导了老龄化效应表达式，将老龄化效应界定为年龄内效应和年龄间效应两部分。利用CHNS微观数据对中国1993-2009阶段的计算结果显示：其一，中国老龄化效应主要来自于年龄间效应，年龄内效应可以忽略不计；其二，剔除老龄化效应并不改变中国基尼系数近年来不断上升的趋势，反而使得中国2008年的“基尼拐点”消失；其三，老龄化效应对中国基尼系数的贡献率远低于国外，一旦剔除老龄化效应，中国基尼系数相比其他国家将更加突出。%Domestic scholars have justified the negative effects of population aging upon income inequality in China .Due to the limitations of previous research methods , however , they are unable to accurately measure the contribution rate of aging effect upon total income inequality .In this paper we come up with an expression of the aging effects on the basis of Gini coeffi -cient and divide it into the two parts of inter-age effect and intra-age effect.Using CHNS micro data in the period of 1993-2009, our calculation results come as follows:Firstly, the aging effect in China mainly comes from the inter-age effect while the intra-age effect can be neglected .Secondly , rather than changing the rising trend of China's Gini coefficient in recent years, removing the aging effect would make Chinese Gini turning point in 2008 disappear.Thirdly, contribution rate of do-mestic aging effect on China's income inequality seems far lower than abroad .Once the aging effect removed , the adjusted Gini coefficient of China would be more prominent in comparison with other countries .