晋陕蒙接壤地区土地利用/覆盖变化及其驱动力研究——以神华集团大柳塔矿区为例

摘要

选择地处生态环境脆弱地区的晋陕蒙接壤地区能源化工基地的大柳塔矿区为研究区,利用1986年8月2日和2007年9月7日的TM卫星图像数据为信息源,应用遥感技术对其土地利用/覆盖变化进行研究.通过图像处理,划分出7种土地利用和地表覆盖景观类型,根据获取的景观类型变化参数对其结构与变化特征进行分析,得出研究区的生态变化趋势与驱动力.结果表明,煤矿大规模开采以来,研究区景观结构稳定性减弱,破碎度增强,人类活动在研究区生态环境变化过程中起主导作用.在矿区生态环境恢复中,应提高自然植被景观类型的有效规模,有利于增强生态系统的稳定性.%The target area is the Daliuta mine area in an ecologically fragile region of the Shanxi-Shaanxu-Inner Mongolia contiguous area - an energy and chemical industry base.Using the TM satellite image data of August 2, 1986 and September 7, 2007 as information sources, have carried out land use/land cover changes study applying remote sensing technology.After image processing, 7 land use and surface covering landscape types were divided.Based on landscape type variation parameters acquired, analyzed their configuration and change features, worked out study area ecological change tendency and driving forces.The result demonstrated that since the extensive mining of coal, landscape structural stability of study area is weakening, degree of fragmentation increasing.Human activities play a leading role in the study area ecological environment changes.During the mining area ecological environment recovery, efficient scale of natural vegetation landscape type should be increased, thus in favor of ecosystem stability strengthening.