Objective To explore the clinical features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES). Methods The clinical data of 5 cases with RESLES treated in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results All 5 cases had acute onset, and the causes included high altitude sickness, severe hypoglycemia, severe infections or acute hepatic injury respectively. Their prodromal symptoms included fe-ver, abdominal pain, abdominal distension, diarrhea, cough and difficulty in breathing. Then these patients presen-ted with neurological symptoms including headache, nausea, vomiting, and disturbance of consciousness. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a marked hyperintensity in the splenium of the corpus callosum. The 5 cases were ultimately diagnosed with RESLES. Under effective etiological and symptomatic treatment ( such as controlling blood sugar levels, anti-infective treatment or liver protective therapy) , their clinical symptoms were markedly re-lieved. At 6-month follow-up, all of the five patients had favorable prognosis. Conclusion The pathogenesis of RESLES is complicated and clinical manifestations are non-specific. Reversible focal lesion in the splenium of the corpus callosum is the main diagnostic feature. The majority of patients suffering from this disease appear to achieve full recovery after they receive timely symptomatic treatment.%目的 探讨可逆性胼胝体压部病变综合征( reversible splenial lesion syndrome, RESLES)的临床特征.方法 回顾性分析我科2016年1月—2017年12 月收治的5 例RESLES临床资料.结果 5 例均急性起病,病因包括高原反应、严重低血糖、感染、急性肝损害.前驱症状包括发热、腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、咳嗽、呼吸困难等,并相继出现头痛、恶心、呕吐、意识障碍等神经系统症状.头颅MRI检查示胼胝体压部可逆性高信号孤立病灶,确诊为RESLES. 5例积极给予病因(控制血糖、抗感染、保肝)及对症治疗后,患者临床症状明显改善,出院后随访半年预后良好.结论 RESLES病因多,发病机制不明确,临床表现缺乏特异性,胼胝体压部可逆性病灶为本病特征性改变,一般采取对症治疗及时有效地控制病因,大部分患者预后较好.
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