目的：分析惠州地区儿童慢性荨麻疹患者血清总IgE抗体及特异性IgE抗体水平，了解过敏原分布情况。方法入选2012年1月至2013年12月儿童慢性荨麻疹204例，应用IgE抗体特异性过敏原检测试剂盒(ELISA法)检测血清IgE特异性抗体。结果204例慢性荨麻疹患儿中总IgE阳性198例，阳性率为97.1%，196例患儿检测出过敏原，阳性率为96.1%，其中食入组主要为蛋黄46例(22.5%)，牛奶42例(20.6%)，蟹、虾40例(19.6%)；吸入组主要为花粉、屋尘、尘螨76例(37.3%)，蟑螂52例(25.5%)、猫狗毛发皮屑44例(21.6%)。食入组及吸入组的阳性率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。不同特异性过敏原在各阳性级别均有分布，总IgE均为(+++)级或(++)级。结论多数儿童慢性荨麻疹患者同时出现多种过敏原，其中主要食入因素有蛋黄、牛奶、蟹、虾，主要吸入因素主要为花粉、尘螨、蟑螂、猫狗毛发皮屑。%Objective To analyze the level of total IgE antibody and the specific IgE antibody in serum of children with chronic urticaria in Huizhou and understand the distribution of allergen. Methods 204 children with chronic urticaria in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2013 were collected. IgE antibody specific allergen detection kit (ELISA) was applied to detect the level of serum specific IgE antibody. Results 198 positive cases of total IgE were detected from 204 children with chronic urticaria, and the positive rate was 97.1%. Allergens were detected in 196 cases and the positive rate was 96.1%;the food-intake group included 46 cases (22.5%) of egg yolk, 42 cases (20.6%) of milk, 40 cases (19.6%) of crabs and shrimp;the inhalation group included 76 cases (37.3%) of pollen and dust mites, 52 cases (25.5%) of cockroach, 44 cases (21.6%) of cat and dog dander;there was no significant difference between food-intake group and inhalation group on positive rate (P>0.05). Different specific allergens were distributed in every positive level and total IgE was (+++) or (++) level. Conclusions Most children with chronic urticaria are positive with several allergens simultaneously. The major food allergen included egg yolk, milk, crabs, shrimp, and the major inhalation allergens were pollen, dust mites, cockroach, and dander of cat and dog.
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