皮试阴性的头孢曲松不良反应文献分析

摘要

Objective: Summarize the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by ceftriaxone with negative skin test in order to provide reference for safe drug use in clinical practice.Methods: Based on CBM, CNKI and Wanfang medicine database, literatures on ADRs induced by ceftriaxone with negative skin test were collected and statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 45 reports related to ADRs of ceftriaxone were collected. Most of ADRs occurred within 1min-5min after starting administration as well as above 24 h after continuous use. Most of the ADRs were related to respiratory system (31.54%), skin and appendixes (19.46%) and cardiovascular system (18.79%).Conclusion: The use of ceftriaxone and skin test need to be further standardized. Patients treated with ceftriaxone need to be monitored closely, even if the skin test results are negative, so as to ensure the safety of drug use.%目的：分析皮试阴后使用头孢曲松而发生不良反应的特点，为临床安全合理用药提供参考。方法：对1998―2015年检索中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库及万方医学网中报道的头孢曲松皮试阴性的不良反应病例进行统计分析。结果：共收集到45例不良反应报告，大部分发生在开始用药后5~10 min以及连续用药后>24 h，以呼吸系统（31.54%）、皮肤及附件（19.46%）和心血管系统（18.79%）损害表现为主。结论：头孢曲松的使用和皮试需进一步规范；即使皮试结果为阴性，在使用时仍应做到严密监护，以保证用药安全。