广西甲型H1N1流感的流行病学和临床特征分析

摘要

目的 分析广西甲型H1N1流感的流行病学和临床特点,为更好的防控甲型H1N1流感提供科学依据.方法 收集2009年8月至2010年1月在广西8家医院住院的122例甲型H1N1流感患者资料,并回顾性分析其流行病学、临床特点及实验室检查资料.结果 甲型H1N1流感爆发,在2009年11月、12月达到高峰,男女比例为1.5:1,年龄分布主要以10～25岁青少年为主,占全部病例的86.9％,平均年龄(18.2±9.6)岁,职业以学生为主(86.9％),汉族与壮族人口比为1.03:1；主要临床表现为发热、咳嗽、胸痛,无特异性.外周血白细胞正常或降低(91.0％),血钾偏低(13.5％),影像学检查以肺部炎症改变为主；70例(57.4％)患者行抗病毒治疗,120例患者康复出院,2例患者死亡.结论 广西甲型H1N1流感的发病高峰在冬季,发病年龄分布在青少年,以学生多见；临床表现无 明显特征；外周血白细胞正常或下降；影像学以肺部炎症改变为主；病例多为轻症,而重症病例有较高病死率.%Objective The epidemiological and clinical features of A(H1N1) influenza in Guangxi in 2009 were analyzed to provide the reference for treatment and prevention of H1N1. Methods The clinical data of 122 hospitalized cases with H1N1 in eight different hospitals from August 2009 to January 2010 were collected and retrospectively analyzed in epidemiology,clinical features and laboratory test. Results This outbreak of H1N1 occurred and achieved peak in November to December,2009. Ratio of male and female was 1. 5 to 1,86. 9% of cases were 10 to 25 years old and average age was (18. 2±9. 6) years old,86. 9% of cases were students. The ratio of ethnic Han to Zhuang was 1. 03:1. The main clinical manifestations were fever, cough, thoracalgia, no specific feature was seen. WBC was found normal or reduced, accounted for 91.0%. 13. 5% of cases had hypokalemia. Pneumonia was the most common in imaging examination. 70 cases(57. 4%) accepted antiviral therapy, 120 patients were rehabilitated, discharged and 2 patients died. Conclusion H1N1 reached the peak in winter in Guangxi. The crowds were teenagers, the most patients were students. Clinical manifestations had no specials; WBC was found normal or reduced; pneumonia was the most common manifestation in imaging examination. Most patients had mild symptoms, but in severe patients there was higher mortality.