复合枝型聚醚衍生物在原油脱盐、海水洗涤和金属缓蚀中的应用

摘要

Salt influence the quality of crude oil and equipment. Branch-composite polyether derivative is studied which forms reverse micelles in non-polar continuous phase. With the advantage that the pool in reverse micelles can dissolve polar materials, water-soluble impurities and salt can be separated from crude oil. The branch-composite polyether derivative can reduce the surface tension of high-salinity water and its salt-resistance is up to 200000 mg · L-1. Thus it can be used in salinity water washing. Moreover, the branch-composite polyether derivative can inhibit the corrosion of metal in salt water effectively.%原油中含盐不仅影响原油的品质,而且腐蚀设备.本文研究了一种复合枝型聚醚衍生物,在非极性的连续相中能形成极性基团朝内的反胶束状态,利用反胶束体系中形成的"水池"可以溶解水相中的极性物质,从而分离原油中水溶性杂质,利用这种性质,能有效地把原油中的盐脱除掉.该复合枝型聚醚衍生物还可以有效地降低高矿化度水的表面张力,其耐矿化度最高可达200000 mg·L-1,因此可以在海水中作为洗涤剂使用,而且其特有的枝型结构可以有效地抑制海水对金属表面的腐蚀.