侧氨基聚硅氧烷改性聚氨酯涂层剂的制备与性能

摘要

The water-borne side aminopolysiloxane modified polyurethanes (WSSPU) were prepared by polyaddition reaction using poly(tetramethylene oxide)glycol, polyethylene glycol, and side aminopolysiloxane as soft segments, dimethylolpropionic acid as hydrophilic chain extender, 1,4-butanediol as hard segment regulator and isophorone diisocyanate. The waterproof and moisture permeable textile coating agent was then fabricated based on WSSPU. The chemical composition and microstructure of WSSPU were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analyzer and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy, respectively. The mechanical properties of WSSPU films, the waterproofness and breathability of the coated fabric were determined. The results showed that the stable emulsion can be obtained at the amount of SAPDMS (mass ratio) below 15%. The modified polyurethane membranes had more serious micro-phase separation structure and increased free hole volume, resulting in improved moisture permeability.%以侧氨基聚硅氧烷（SAPDMS）、聚四氢呋喃醚、聚乙二醇为混合软段，二羟甲基丙酸为亲水扩连剂，1,4-丁二醇为硬段调节剂，与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯反应合成了水性有机硅改性聚氨酯(WSSPU),并以WSSPU为基础制备了防水透湿织物涂层剂。分别采用红外光谱、差热扫描量热仪、动态力学分析仪、正电子湮灭寿命谱等表征了WSSPU膜的组成与微观结构，考察了WSSPU膜的力学性能和涂层织物的防水透湿性能。结果表明，当侧氨基聚硅氧烷用量(质量比)<15%时，可以制得稳定的乳液。聚硅氧烷改性后膜内部微相分离结构更加明显，自由体积空洞变大，透湿性能提高。