厌氧氨氧化结构体、形态与功能

摘要

厌氧氨氧化工艺是一种新型废水生物脱氮工艺，已成为环境工程领域的研究热点并得到广泛应用。厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥床反应器是一种高效生物反应器，以颗粒污泥形态存在的生物相是这种反应器高效工作的必要基础。在颗粒污泥床反应器中，生物相由大到小可依次分为污泥床体、颗粒污泥以及功能菌群。综述了厌氧氨氧化结构体的形态和功能及其与装置工况的密切关系，以期为反应器的实时优化和过程控制提供指导。%Anammox process is a new biotechnology for nitrogen removal from wastewater. It has become one of the research hotspots and has been put into wide used in wastewater treatment engineering. Anammox reactor based on granular sludge bed is a high-rate bioreactor. The biophase in the form of granular sludge is the key factor that determines the reactor performance. It can be divided into three structures from macroscale to microscale: sludge bed, granular sludge and bacterial cell. The morphological and functional characteristics of three structures and their relation with reactor performance are reviewed so as to give guidance for online optimization and process control.