1949～1996年大巴山区伤寒流行特征分析

摘要

Objective To prevent typhus by analysing epidemiological features of typhus in specific Daba mountain area. Methods Describe epidemiological feature by using epidemiology analysis methods. Results From 1940 to 1948,there were 4 471 cases of total morbidity, with average annual morbidity 5. 18 out of 100 000. The highest morbidity happened in year 1956 and 1960. There were 1 676 cases in Tongchuan district, which accounts for 37. 48% as the highest ratio. The desease occurred every month, with higher morbidity from May to October. Most of infected people were peasants,followed by workers. In some cases,family members tended to be infected at the same time. Epidemiological factor was the polluted tap water for daily life use. Conclusion The main factor for typhus epidemic in Daba mountain area is poor sanitary condition of drinking water for local people. Typhus is still one of the main infectious deseases that threatens local people s health in Daba Mountain area.%目的 分析大巴山区伤寒流行特征,总结伤寒在特定区域的流行规律,为制定防控策略提供依据.方法 用流行病学分析方法,描述伤寒发病特点和规律.结果 1949～1996年间,辖区伤寒发病4 471例,年均发病率5.18/10万.发病率以1956和1960年为高;以通川区1 676例为最多,占病例数的37.48%;每月均有发病,并以5～10月较多;职业以农民为多,工人次之;部分暴发流行时发病有家庭聚集性;流行因素为生活饮用水受污染.结论 卫生基础资源差是大巴山区时有伤寒暴发流行的主要因素,伤寒是威胁大巴山区人民健康的重要传染病.