经阴三维超声对妊娠晚期女性盆膈裂孔的形态结构评价分析

摘要

Objective To evaluate and analyse the morphological structure in late pregnancy women of pelvic hiatus by appli-cation of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound .Methods The 60 cases pregnant women who were checked pregnant weeks for 31 to 40 weeks from January 2012 to December 2014 came to our hospital were chosen as the observation group ,and other 60 cases women who were nulliparous women because of irregular menstruation at the same period treatment as control group .All patients underwent transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound examination by observed the morphological structure of pelvic hiatus in each period ,and the research object of pelvic hiatus left and right diameter ,anteroposterior diameter and area were compared and meas-ured between the two groups .Results (1)The normal pelvic hiatus morphology was "rhombic" column crack-like structure ,but the observation group who had 43 .33% abnormal pelvic hiatus morphology and there was "kind oval" ;(2)The observation group were pelvic diaphragm hiatus of left and right diameter ,anteroposterior diameter and area were significantly larger than the control group in three conditions of the resting period ,anal contraction period and tension period ,and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0 .05) ;all the research object of the pelvic diaphragm hiatus left and right diameter ,anteroposterior diameter and area were de-crease in the anal contraction and increases in tension period for compared with the resting period ,so the difference was statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The three-dimensional ultrasound can be clearly observed the morphology of the female pelvic diaphragm hiatus ,and can be effectively evaluated .The late pregnancy women who will be significantly increases of pelvic dia-phragm ,occurs the relaxation phenomenon and some abnormal morphology for compared with nulliparous women .%目的：应用经阴三维超声评价分析妊娠晚期女性盆膈裂孔的形态结构。方法选择2012年1月至2014年12月来该院产检的60例孕周为31～40周的孕妇作为观察组，将同期因月经不调就诊的60例未育女性作为对照组，全部患者均进行经阴三维超声检查，观察盆膈裂孔在各个时期的形态结构，并测量比较两组患者盆膈裂孔的左右径、前后径及面积。结果（1）正常盆膈裂孔形态呈“菱形”列裂隙样结构，观察组患者中43．33％盆膈裂孔形态出现异常，呈“类椭圆形”；（2）在静息期、缩肛期及张力期3种状态下，观察组患者盆膈裂孔的左右径、前后径及面积均明显比对照组大，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；与静息期比较，全部研究对象的盆膈裂孔的左右径、前后径及面积在缩肛期均减小，在张力期均增大，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论经阴三维超声能清晰观察到女性盆膈裂孔的形态结构，且可对其进行有效评价，与未育女性比较，妊娠晚期女性盆膈裂孔显著增大，出现松弛现象，且部分出现形态异常。