胶囊内镜与临床评分系统对急性上消化道出血风险分层的对比研究

摘要

目的：比较实时胶囊内镜（VCE）与Rockall和Blatchford评分系统对急性上消化道出血（AUGIB）风险分层的准确性。方法将24例急诊室AUGIB患者按照随机数字表法分为 VCE组和对照组，每组各12例。所有患者均进行 Rockall和Blatchford评分，并随后行24 h内急诊胃镜（EGD）检查。对照组根据临床评分决定检查时机，VCE组则依 VCE检查结果而定。根据Rockall和Blatchford评分，将24例患者分为高危、低危人群，并与 VCE结果比较。结果24例中13例具有EGD高危特征，中位Rockall和Blatchford评分分别为3、13分；另11例无EGD高危特征，中位Rockall及Blatchford评分分别为2、11分。组间Rockall评分（95％ CI：2．2～0．3；P＝0．12）及Blatchford评分（95％ CI：5．2～1．4；P＝0．23）比较差异均无统计学意义。亚组分析显示，12例中9例VCE检查呈阳性，且得到后续 EGD检查证实；12例中3例 VCE阴性患者亦无 EGD高危特征。VCE与EGD检查结果一致（P＝1．00）。结论 Rockall和Blatchford评分与EGD相关性差，VCE成为更好的风险分层工具。%Objective To evaluate the guidance value of capsule endoscopy and clinical scoring system in risk stratification for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) .Methods 24 patients presenting to the emergency room with AUGIB ,were randomly divided into two groups (12 cases in each group) .Pre‐Endoscopic Blatchford and Rockall scores were calculated for all pa‐tients .All patients underwent endoscopy(EGD) within 24 hours .The timing of EGD was based on clinical scores in control group , and on VCE in observation group .Positive VCE was defined as red blood ,clot or coffee grounds .Mean Rockall and Blatchford scores for all 24 patients were compared to differentiate high‐and low‐risk patients .Rockall and Blatchford scores were also com‐pared with VCE findings .Results A total of 13 out of 24 patients had high‐risk stigmata on EGD ,with the mean Rockall and Blatchford scores of 3 and 13 respectively .Meanwhile ,the mean Rockall and Blatchford scores of the other 11 patients were 2 and 11 .There was no statistically significant difference between the Blatchford scores of the two groups(95% CI:5 .2‐1 .4 ;P=0 .23) . Also there was no statistically significant difference between the Rockall scores of the two groups(95% CI:2 .2‐0 .3;P=0 .12) .In the subgroup of 12 patients who underwent VCE ,9/12 had positive findings confirmed at EGD afterward ,compared with the other 3 patients with negative VCE and endoscopy .Conclusion Both the Rockall and the Blatchford scores are not accurate to predict the degree of risk in patients with AUGIB identified at EGD .However ,VCE is sensitive and specific enough to a better risk stratifica‐tion tool .