缝匠肌骨瓣修补大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位髋臼缺损的疗效分析

摘要

目的 评价缝匠肌骨瓣修补髋臼缺损在治疗大龄儿童发育性髋关节脱位(DDH)的早期手术疗效.方法 回顾性分析该院2014-2016年缝匠肌骨瓣修补髋臼缺损治疗17例DDH伴髋臼缺损大龄患儿(＞6岁)的临床资料,评价早期手术疗效.在全身麻醉下行髋关节切开复位;股骨转子下三维截骨纠正前倾角及颈干角,根据股骨头脱位高度行股骨短缩,钢板固定后重建关节裳.取髂骨缝匠肌骨瓣翻转至髋臼上缘修补髋臼缺损.手术后双下肢贝氏石膏固定6～8周.逐渐行髋关节功能训练,髋关节功能参照Mckay's标准进行评估,髋关节形态评估参照Severin's X射线标准进行.结果 17例患儿均获得随访,随访时间6～29个月.术后股骨头复位良好,头臼包容满意;未出现伤口感染及股骨头坏死.术后随访结果,Mckay's标准:优2例(2髋),良13例(15髋),可2例(2髋),优良率为88.2％,Severin's标准:优11例,良49例.结论 大龄儿童(＞6岁)DDH采用髂骨缝匠肌骨瓣修补髋臼缺损,术后骨性愈合好,能有效改善髋关节的髋臼对股骨头的包容,术后关节功能良好.%Objective To study the preliminary effect of sartorius iliac flap in repair of acetabulum defect for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in elder children.Methods We retrospectively studied 17 elder children with acetabulum defect in DDH at the age＞6 years old who received acetabular repair with sartorius bone flap in this hospital from 2014 to 2016.All patients with acetabulum defect in DDH were treated with open reduction in general anesthesia.Three-dimensional osteotomy under the femur rotor was conducted to correct the femoral anteversion and neck-shaft angle.According to the height of femoral head dislocation lines,femur tuberosity was shorten and fixied with steel plates,joint capsule was reconstructed,The iliac sartorius musculocutaneous flap was took to the upper edge of the acetabular to repair the acetabular defect.The lower extremities were treated with plaster for 6 to 8 weeks after surgery.The hip joint function was trained and the function was evaluated with Mckay's criteria.The hip joint morphological evaluation was performed with reference to Severin's X-ray standard.Results Seventeen patients were followed up for 6 to 29 months.Postoperative reduction of the femoral head was good,the head mortar inclusive was satisfactory;there were no wound infection and femoral head necrosis.According to Mckay's criteria,2 patients got excellent,13 good,and 2 fair,with the fineness ratio at 88.2％;According to Severin's critera:11 patients excellent.Conclusion The overturned sartorius iliac flap can repair acetabulum defect,promote bone healing,and effectively improve acetabulum to cover head of femur.