产紫杉醇植物内生真菌的研究进展

摘要

Taxol was a chemical substance of diterpene alkaloid with high efficiency, low toxicity and broad-spectrum, which could inhibit mitosis through enhancement of polymerization of tubulin and con-sequent stabilization of microtubules during the process of cell division. It had become a widely used drug in clinic. The industrial fermentation of taxol by fungi had been promised an effective way to increase the production and supply of the drug in the market. The isolation and identification of endophytic fungi types, extraction and detection methods, the strains in the research and some problems and prospect of taxol from endophytic fungi were summarized.%紫杉醇是一种二萜类生物碱，通过抑制微管解聚和稳定微管的作用来抑制有丝分裂，是一种高效、低毒、广谱的天然抗癌药物，已在临床上广泛使用，市场需求量巨大，但由于生产原料的制约，价格十分昂贵。近年来的研究表明，利用植物内生真菌发酵生产紫杉醇是解决药源问题的有效途径。本文就产紫杉醇内生真菌的分离与鉴定方法、紫杉醇的提取与检测技术及在研的菌种进行综述，并进一步提出目前内生真菌源紫杉醇研究存在的问题与前景。