烟草普通花叶病毒(TMV)是烟草主要病害之一,利用色谱分离、纯化技术,采用活性追踪方法,对采自于云南省玉溪市的心叶烟(Nicotiana glutinosa L.)中的化学成分进行系统研究,从中分离得到了12个具有抗TMV活性的生物碱类化合物,其中3个为新化合物(1~3)[(S)-Nkolbisine-β-D-glucoside,(R)-Nkolbisine-β-D-glucoside,Lepabisine A],9个已知化合物(4~12)均为该属植物中首次分离得到.生物活性测定结果表明,该类生物碱能够钝化烟草普通花叶病毒并抑制其增殖.新化合物1对病毒抑制作用强于对照药物宁南霉素.该研究首次从烟草中发现具有抗TMV活性的一类生物碱类化合物,为进一步系统研究烟草内源性抗烟草花叶病毒病物质提供了科学依据.%Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is one of the main diseases of tobacco. The study aims to investigate the anti-TMV activity of chemical compound from tobacco by using Bioassay-guided Method and provide the basis for anti-viral biological pesticides from tobacco. The constituent of anti-TMV activity was isolated from Nicotiana glutinosa in Yuxi by bioassay. A kind of alkaloids that include three new compounds (1-3) [(S)-Nkolbisine-β-D-glucoside, (R)-Nkolbisine-β-D-glucoside, Lepabisine A] and nine known ones (4-12), were isolated from the whole-plant of Nicotiana glutinosa by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. These compounds were also evaluated for their anti-tobacco mosaic virus (anti-TMV) activity. The results revealed that compounds 1 exhibited high anti-TMV activity with inhibition rate of 93.1%, 81.6% and 71.5%, respectively. The rates are higher than those of positive control. The other compounds also showed potential anti-TMV activity. This is the first report on the defense chemicals in tobacco, and provides scientific basis for the next systemic research.
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